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Concessionary Fares
SummaryFirst principles assesmentEvidence on performancePolicy contributionComplementary instrumentsReferences

Complementary instruments

Table 17 - Concessionary Fare: Complementary Instruments

Types of instrument

Overcoming financial barriers

Overcoming political barriers

Compensating losers

Reinforcing benefits

Land-use

 

 

 

 

Attitudinal and behavioural

 

 

 

Individual marketing to increase take up

Infrastructure measures

 

 

 

New bus services

 

 

 

 

Guided bus systems

Management of the infrastructure

 

 

 

Bus priorities

 

Charging

Fares increases for other users.

Parking charges

 

 

 

Compensatory

 

 

 

 

 

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Text edited at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT